Last modified: 2024-07-13
Abstract
Paper target is the greening of the spark ignition engine by hydrogen fueling knowing the huge potential of hydrogen to contribute in economically and ecologically point of view to a CO2 neutral society. In the year 2030, it is considered that blue hydrogen has an exponentially increased potential compared to classical energy sources. The realization of ICE that use clean fuels obtained from renewable energy sources is one of the main objectives of global energy policies, which in the context of sustainable development aims to increase the security of energy supply, protecting the environment and commercially developing viable energy technologies. The fulfillment of these future targets ensures the shift towards a CO2 neutral society, which can be assured by hydrogen. Although internal combustion engines fueled with fossil fuels in general and implicitly diesel engines in particular are considered as important sources of pollution and greenhouse gases, incorrectly assigning them an uncertain future, their replacement with other propulsion systems in the short and medium term is not viable. In the specialized literature, it is considered that the plan to abandon the use of internal combustion engines does not represent the effective solution to reduce pollution (e.g. the level of pollution is higher in the electric car manufacturing chain) and is not justified from an economic point of view. It is also considered that by perfecting internal combustion engines (which still have large reserves of improvement) on the one hand and using synthetic or alternative fuels on the other hand, the targets imposed by the EU pollution standards can be reached or exceeded. Hydrogen is considered a privileged alternative fuel, due to its properties that define it as the cleanest fuel and because of the regenerative resources to obtain it, its energy cycle being incomparably shorter than that of fossil fuels. Hydrogen is considered the ideal fuel of the future because it does not contain carbon, it is not toxic, has favorable properties for high efficiency use in combustion processes, can be stored and transported, representing an important energy vector. Taking into account the total emissions over the entire life cycle, the hydrogen-fueled engines can reach the same level of CO2 as those with electric batteries estimated for the year 2030, even if the electric batteries are charged with 100% renewable electricity [1-4]. The thermal engines will still have a key role as powertrain source and by using clean hydrogen the requirements of EU rules are met in accordance with Vision 2050 [1-3]. Internal combustion engines fuelled by hydrogen offer a huge potential to contribute economically and ecologically to a CO2 neutral society. In the year 2030, it is considered that blue hydrogen has an exponentially increased potential compared to classical energy sources, [1-4].